Looking at the Visual Approach on American, European, and Japanese Licensed Comics Published in Indonesia and Their Influence on Indonesian Comic Industries

摘要

A combination of narration with still images in a sequence to form a story that is defined as Graphic Narrative, Graphic Novel, or simply called Comic has been published in Indonesia since the colonial era. Since the early period of original Indonesian-made comics in the 1930's, the golden era of Indonesian comic in 1950's to the 1970's, until the era of Japanese comics published in Indonesia that survive until now, in order to create "original" Indonesian Comic and to maintain its existence, Indonesian comic artist have been influenced by foreign-licensed comic artworks as they have been published in Indonesia. This paper will discuss how comic on each era have made impacts on local comics and the influences in coloring the pop culture in Indonesia. This study began with a brief history of comic and its existence in Indonesia and then the visual characteristics that related to its readers characteristics from each era will be discussed.