Cardiac Effects of Systemic Disease: Structural, Functional, and Electrical Heart Changes of Noncardiac Origin

摘要

When evaluating veterinary patients who present with clinical signs suggestive of a cardiac problem, it is important to remember that not all cardiac changes are the result of primary structural heart disease. Many systemic diseases can have secondaryeffects on the heart. In such cases, the heart is not the underlying problem, but rather a "target" or "bystander" damaged by the primary disease. Prompt recognition of the true underlying disease is critical for proper management. This presentation discusses 5 common cardiac manifestations of systemic disease in dogs and cats.