Lexical and semantic field as reflection of interpenetration and interaction of different types of common polynational language

摘要

The article is devoted to the study of the lexical and semantic field as a microsystem of multiple lexical units united by common meaning of the word 'education' and reflecting the given conceptual field in the language. Aggregation of the linguistic units by their semantic content is the base of field lexical and semantic modeling. The concept of the field makes it possible to describe the microstructural interactions of the linguistic units. The units of the same language field reflect the objective, conceptual or functional similarities of the phenomena being described; therefore, the field model represents a dialectical connection between linguistic phenomena and the extralinguistic world. The article presents the system-based approach to field modeling of the language system; explores the semantic field of words and their lexical and semantic types; establishes their similarities and differences; identifies the types of semantic field research. Both the similarities and differences were revealed at the denotative and significative levels, which made it possible to identify denotative, significative and denotative-significative divergents. On the one hand, the specific realities, and, on the other hand, the special logical and evaluative understanding of the French, Belgians, Swiss and Canadians are used in these studies as the objects of the names in such countries as France, Belgium, Switzerland and Canada.