Bio-Oil from Pyrolysis of Pine Fruit As Renewable Alternative Energy: The Effect of Catalyst Zeolite to Pine Fruit Mass Ratio and Temperature on Yield

摘要

Bio-oil was formed through pyrolysis process with the catalyst zeolite/pine fruit mass ratio of 5 g/200 g; 10 g/200 g; 15 g/200 g; 20 g/200 g; and 25 g/200 g, and several temperatures of 300, 360, 400, 460, and 500°C. Pine fruit served as the biomass. It was selected because it has been underutilized and considered as plantation waste. From the present study, it was found that the highest yield of 8.1% was achieved at 500°C and the catalyst zeolite to pine fruit mass ratio of 25 g/200 g. The bio-oil calorific value of 31.256 J/g was achieved at a pyrolysis temperature of 500°C and the catalyst zeolite to pine fruit mass ratio of 25 g/200 g. Bio-oil with the highest yield has the density of 1.006 g/mL, the viscosity of 65.84 cSt, the heating value of 31.256 J/g, the water content of 2.88 %, and the flash point of 128°C. The bio-oil from pyrolysis of pine fruit can be concluded to have identical in density, flash point. Meanwhile, the heating value of bio-oil from pine fruit is greater than the standard, and the water content of bio-oil from pine fruit is lower than the standard.