Thoracoscopy is being used more and more frequently in veterinary surgery to treat several conditions. Thoracoscopy has been used to transect the ligamentum arteriosum during the persistence of the 4th right aortic arch or ligate a patent ductus arteriosus. It has also been used to resect right atrial tumors in dogs with pericardial effusionThe patient is placed in right lateral recumbency. Four portals will be required. Three portals are placed in the 7 or 8th intercostal space and the fourth cannula is placed in the one intercostal cranial in the ventral third of the space. A retractor or a palpation probe used as a retractor will be introduced in that portal.
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