(6)Informed Communities: Supporting Development in the Context of Mining in the Republic of Guinea

摘要

The Republic of Guinea holds one-third of the world's bauxite reserves, significant deposits of gold, diamonds, and some of the world's most prized iron ore deposits of Simandou and Mount Nimba, with an estimated $US 50 billion expected investments in the mining sector. It is at the same time a country with one of the highest poverty rates. While exploiting these minerals has the potential to improve the future for the people of Guinea, in order for this to happen local people affected by industrial mining must be given the knowledge and skills to find alternatives to violence, reduce negative impacts, improve benefit-sharing and to meaningfully participate in decision-making. That is why the American Bar Association Rule of Law Initiative developed a Practical Guide for local authorities and civil society organizations in Guinea, drawing on domestic and international law, industry best practice and advice from other affected communities. Written in an accessible question-and-answer format with dialogues among local people, the Guide addresses the mine life cycle and the changes it brings; how to participate in an impact assessment and monitor the management plan; the rule of law; conflict prevention and tools to support community cohesion; tools to capture mining's benefits and minimize impacts on land, environment and cultural sites; what to do locally to voice concerns; how to document and monitor; and options for access to remedy. A multi-stakeholder advisory group with representatives from six State ministries, industry, and civil society organizations provided input and comments, to ensure the Guide would be balanced and widely credible. Praise for the Guide and calls for its operationalization from local civil society organizations, local authorities, State and industry actors alike, speak to the importance and benefits for all parties involved of informed communities and a shared understanding of roles and responsibilities.