~1H AND ~(13)C NMR CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL SHALE CRUDE AT VARIOUS PROCESS STAGES OF DISTILLATE FUEL PRODUCTION

摘要

The large oil shale deposits in the United States virtually assure the place of shale oil as an unconventional fuel source to meet future transportation needs.' Future diesel fuels derived from unconventional resources, e.g., oil sands, oil shale, biodiesel, or upgraded pyrolysis oil, may exhibit significantly different molecular structure distributions from conventional hydrocarbon resources. Because of strict fungibility requirements for pipeline transportation or refineries, distribution and processing of unconventional hydrocarbon fuels may be limited to regional areas, resulting in high concentrations of fuels with various combinations of unconventional hydrocarbons entering the fuel market. It is important to understand the impact of these new hydrocarbon streams on fuel properties by examining differences in average chemical structures for these fuels before and after various upgrading methods have been applied. A long-term objective of this work is to provide compositional information on shale oil-derived fuels that can be correlated with physical and specification properties, and to provide data useful for refining process simulation.