Analytical Approaches for Sampling and Sample Preparation for Pesticides Analysis in Environmental, Food and Biological Samples

摘要

Residues of pesticides, especially organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediment and aquatic biota have been an environmental concern since the 1960s. Widely used in agriculture in the past, most of OCPs are resistant to photochemical, biological and chemical degradation for a long period of time. For their determination in different environmental media, sampling and sample preparation represents a time consuming stage, but a key factor in the entire pesticides trace analysis procedure. Scientific efforts directed towards the sample pretreatment issue are focused on developing methods for enriching and isolating components present in complex sample matrices. Due to the differences of pesticides properties (volatility, polarity), to the complexity of the sample matrix and to the required degree of preconcentration, there is no unique strategy for the sample preparation. This chapter presents different techniques available for samples preparation for pesticide analysis in environment, in food or in biological samples.