INVESTIGATING THE INTERRELATEDNESS AMONG CONSUMER ANIMOSITY, COSMOPOLITANISM, AND CONSUMER ETHNOCENTRISM, AND THE PREDICTIVE POWER OF ANIMOSITY: A TWO-COUNTRY STUDY

摘要

Cosmopolitanism (COS), consumer ethnocentrism (CET), and consumer animosity are three major constructs describing consumers' reactions toward foreign products and cultures. COS refers to a person's commitment to being nonjudgmental and objective when processing cultural experiences (Cannon and Yaprak 2002). CET represents "the beliefs held by consumers about the appropriateness, indeed morality, of purchasing foreign-made products" (Shimp and Sharma 1987, p. 280). Animosity is defined as "the remnants of antipathy related to previous or ongoing military, political, or economic events" (Klein et al. 1998, p. 90).