PAPER TITTLE: CCS Demonstrations - Critical Path Projects to Support Power Industry GHG Strategies

摘要

As the combustion of fossil fuels plays a pivotal role in global CO2 emissions, innovative carbon neutral technologies will be required to enable the power sector to meet the global demand for electricity, while controlling CO2 emissions and thus reducing the impact on global warming. Although gas-fired power plants contribute ca. 50% by way of mass of the CO2 produced per MWh compared with coal-fired power plants, they are still projected to contribute about 36% of the total EU Power Generation CO2 emissions in 2030 as per the recent IEA reference baseline, and so CCS on gas fired power plants is relevant with respect to achieving the goal to decarbonize electricity production and meeting the target fixed by the scientific community. The EU climate change framework includes future obligation to provide assessments on the CCS readiness for gas-fired power plants above 300 MW. In anticipation of the climate change framework, Alstom is developing commercial scale CO2 Capture systems for both coal and gas fossil fuels, currently focusing on post combustion capture and oxy combustion technologies. This paper will present current information on (several) major demonstration plants equipped with post combustion capture technology, with a special emphasis on natural gas fuelled power plants. Details on field pilot and demonstration projects in operation worldwide are presented, along with key results obtained from various operation and testing programs. Commercial application of these technologies will not only support the continued deployment of new fossil fuel plants in an economically viable and sustainable manner, but these capture technologies also can be retrofitted to the installed base- an essential component to meeting future CO2 emission targets. In addition the "flue gas recirculation" (FGR) technology associated with gas turbine post- combustion capture will be presented as well. Recirculation of flue gas means that flue gas after the HRSG is partially cooled down and then fed back to the gas turbine intake. The FGR technology offers the possibility to double the concentration of CO2 in the flue gas so that the volumetric flow to the post combustion CO2 capture unit is reduced, and the overall performance of the CCPP with CO2 capture is increased.