Good aquaculture practices to minimize bacterial resistance

摘要

In all aspects of health care, the first step toward minimizing the risk of any disease or malady is prevention. In aquaculture, the preventive measures intended to reduce the risk of disease occurring in the produced animals can be called good aquaculture practices, best management practices, biosecurity measures, etc., but they all have the intended purpose of preventing diseases from occurring and having to use a chemotherapeutic agent to treat the animals. Therefore, developing and implementing apreventive measures programme is the first step in the prudent and responsible use of veterinary medicines (antimicrobials) in aquatic food production. Overall basic GAqPs include good hatchery management practices, good grow-out conditions, good environmental controls and good primary processing. For this paper, those GAqPs that can also help minimize bacterial resistance will be discussed. They are generally those that will reduce stress and promote animal health and quality, thus reducing the need for chemotherapeutic intervention. In this case, they can be put in three basic categories: (i) GAqPs for hatcheries and farms; (ii) GAqPs for regulators; and (iii) GAqPs for academia, health providers and biologists.