Simulation of pedestrian evacuation with the obstacles based on a dynamic cellular automaton model

摘要

Simulation of pedestrian evacuation flow in a room with fixed obstacles is presented based on cellular automata (CA) in this paper. Pedestrian moving rules are established, according to two-dimensional cellular automaton Moore neighborhood. The dynamic parameters are formulated to simplify tactically the decision-making process of pedestrians, which can reflect the pedestrian judgment on the surrounding conditions. We propose the improved Dijkstra metric to compute the values of static floor field for evacuation system with obstacles based on the Euclidean distance. The simulation results of the improved and previous model are compared and analyzed. Simulation results show that evacuation time decreases nonlinearly when exit width is increased, there is a linear relationship between evacuation time and pedestrian density. The simulation results correspond with the actual, it is instructional significant for pedestrian evacuation.