MANAGEMENT OF URINARY OBSTRUCTION IN SMALL RUMINANTS

摘要

Urolithiasis is a disorder in small ruminants that is frequently seen in castrated males. This urinary tract disease most often involves the urethra, especially at sites where narrowing of the urethral diameter occurs, such as in the distal part of the sigmoid flexure or in the vermiform appendage (urethral process).Struvite and apetite are the more common uroliths seen in the regions of North America; however calcium carbonate uroliths have also been reported.Small ruminants with urolithiasis can present with a range of clinical signs from dribbling urine from the prepuce and straining to urinate to an animal with severe metabolic derangements that need to be stabilized before any further treatment options. Other findings that can be noted during physical examination are a change in abdominal contour and preputial region due to bladder or urethra rupture, pulsation of the urethra, small stones, crystals or blood clots at the preputial orifice.