Difficult Respiratory Phenotypes in Adults with Asthma

摘要

The notion of "difficult respiratory phenotypes" in adults refers to patients with persistent asthma and additional issues that increase the risk of a serious adverse event, make management difficult or cause excessive loss of FEV,. Patients may be identified because they are 1) experiencing especially severe attacks of asthma leading to repeated emergency department visits, hospitalizations or intubations, 2) achieving insufficient control of asthma, 3) requiring long term oral corticosteroids despite other "practice parameter" based recommendations, 4) having co-morbidities that complicate asthma, or 5) having other conditions and diseases that can challenge many specialists and health care professionals.