Extraction of Lipids and Biodiesel from Biomass Using Co-Solvent Mixtures of Ionic Liquids and Polar Covalent Molecules

摘要

Ionic liquids (IL) are salts comprised of relatively large asymmetric organic cations coupled with smaller inorganic or organic anions that remain liquid at moderate to room temperatures (0 oC to 140 oC) . The cations are generally composed of a nitrogen containing ring structure (e.g., imidazolium or pyrinidine) to which a broad range of functional side groups can be attached . The anions can vary from single ions such as chloride, to larger complex ions such as . Depending upon the structure of the side group added, the polarity of the resulting IL can be varied It has also been demonstrated that the anion and cation can also be modified to alter the relative hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature of the resulting IL .