The centrepiece of Indian legislation that deals with nuclear energy is the Atomic Energy (AE) Act, 1962, which was enacted to provide for the development, control and use of atomic energy for the welfare of the people of India, other peaceful purposes and matters connected therewith. It lays down basic principles and provisions relevant to nuclear energy and empowers the Central Government for its administration. Major provisions include control of radioactive and prescribed substances, exploration and mining of atomic mineral resources, control over production and use of atomic energy; carrying out research and activities for the development and use of atomic energy and protection from radiation hazards. The AE Act is supplemented by rules (regulations) and orders for the implementation of various provisions. Although it is the principal legislation that deals with nuclear energy, there are other regulations in the areas of mines and minerals, environment, health and safety, foreign trade and industry, which are inter-linked with certain provisions of the AE Act. This paper presents an overview of nuclear and related legislation and regulatory framework in India.
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