SYNTHESIS OF SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI WITH Z= 112 - 118

摘要

Review of the discovery and investigation of the "Island of stability" of superheavy nuclei at the separator DGFRS in the ~(238)U-~(249)Cf+~(48)Ca reactions is presented. The synthesis of the heaviest nuclei, their decay properties, and methods of identification are discussed. The results are compared with the data obtained in the chemistry experiments performed at the IVO+COLD setup and at the separators SHIP, BGS, and TASCA. The role of shell effects in the stability of superheavy nuclei is demonstrated by comparison of the experimental and theoretical data. The recent experiment aimed at the investigation of the region of neutron-deficient nuclei produced in the ~(239)Pu+~(48)Ca reaction is described. Future experiments at DGFRS aimed at the study of superheavy nuclei are considered.