Physiological characteristics of hybrid rice and cultivation techniques for high yield

摘要

Planting area covered by hybrid rice in China represents more than 55% of the total national rice-planting area. It yields about 20% more than inbred varieties in farmers’ fields and contributes to the continuous increase in rice yield in China. Experimental results indicate that hybrids have higher tillering capacity,more roots, more leaf area and biomass, more large panicles, and heavier panicle grain weight than inbreds. Hybrids have a yield advantage over inbreds mainly because of their large panicles and heavy panicle grain weight. Compared with improved inbreds, hybrids have more biomass, resulting in higher yield. Based on the characteristics of growth and yield components for hybrid rice, integrated cultivation techniques of hybrid rice for high yield mainly involve raising strong seedlings by reducing seed rate per unit, transplanting seedlings sparsely, properly increasing potassium fertilizer application and percentage of nitrogen fertilizer application in the late stage, and practicing intermittent water management. An optimum population and ideal plant type of hybrid rice are established through basic establishment of seedling number and management of fertilizer and water.