The future of mariculture: a regional approach for responsible development in the Asia-Pacific region: Country experiences - Thailand

摘要

Thailand has a coastline of 2 769 km, of which 1 875 km is facing the Gulf of Thailand from Trad to Narathiwat Province, and the remaining 894 km faces the Andaman Sea from Satul to Trang Province. Coastal and marine aquaculture in Thailand has a longhistory that dates back to when mass seed production from hatcheries first succeeded in raising marine shrimp (banana shrimp, Penaeus merguiensis and black tiger shrimp, P. monodon) and Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) around 1969 to 1976. Coastal and marine aquaculture has developed under the administration of the Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries (DOF). The Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Bureau has 19 Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Centers (CFRDC) and three Coastal Aquaculture Research and Development Stations. Provincial Fisheries Offices (PFO) in 24 coastal provinces also have the duty of supporting development of coastal aquaculture and enforcing the fisheries laws and regulations. The national fisheries development policies on aquaculture development are as follows: increase aquaculture production sufficiently in both quantity and quality for domestic consumption and export; accelerate research in support of commercial aquaculture industries to increase trade volume, improve quality standards and reduce production costs; develop sustainable marine shrimp culture systems for domestic trade as well as for export; and develop the production and marketing of ornamental fish and aquatic plants for export in order to raise the income from aquaculture.