(62)DISASTERS MAKE PEOPLE GET CLOSER IN SPITE OF MANYDIFFERENCES: A COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH BETWEENADAPAZARI (TURKEY) AND DELFT (THE NETHERLANDS)

摘要

The disastrous “Marmara Earthquake” in 1999 has cost very many lives, left many othershomeless, and destroyed infrastructure and buildings so badly that cities becamedisfunctioning. Adapazari, as being one of the destroyed cities, has exhibited multiaspects of the damage such as the mistakes in urban planning, architecture, civilengineering, as well as in the planning and control policy.Following the earthquake, emergency of restoration and reconstruction of the city hasmade the local authority act immediately to seek for solutions. Being one of the mostdisastrous earthquakes of the 20th century, Adapazari Earthquake has drawn attentionfrom other countries. Above all, the city of Delft and Adapazari have established a sistercity relationship which, afterwards, has led to an intensive research collaborationbetween Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) and Metropolitan Municipality ofAdapazari (Sakarya).The research, which has been carried out by an international team of researchers(including the authors), has focused on the development of urban and architecturalmaster plans through all relevant scales for the future of the city (Adapazari towards2030). The project has departed from the unique context of Adapazari (culture,geomorphology, built environment, economics, social and politics). The statisticallyprobable earthquake within 20-30 years periods is taken into account as one of the majorconstraints; though, not the only one.The aim of this collaborative research is not only producing one definitive plan and leave;instead, educating and training the Adapazari team (planners and architects) within thisprocess to provide self-standing experts, so that they would go on with the other phasesof the project, in the future. To realize this intention, a cross education and training isstarted within the research program.The experience has yield very fruitful results not only for the destroyed city (Adapazari),but we also have learnt a lot of great lessons, there from. These lessons through thisprocess were basically from similarities and differences (regarding approaches) within thedomains of planning and design, besides the experiential fact that people getcollaborative and helpful during disasters.We believe design is one of the most context sensitive domains. Every design andplanning problem requires a deep context analysis, which will lead to a unique instantialsolution, though typological issues are preserved. This paper will clarify this matterthrough our approach to objective, subjective and inter-subjective experience in terms ofepistemology, creativity and methods.This international experience has taught us that the two different teams, which are(superficially) supposed to have little in common in designing and planning approaches;can collaborate in problem solving in spite of the different cultural backgrounds of theactors, their limits in the techniques and bureaucratic mechanisms.