Interaction between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in the control of muscle mitochondrial functions

摘要

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterised by a group of metabolic disorders which are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Among these risk factors, abdominal obesity and insulin resistance are now recognised to be highly predictive of eventual development of metabolic diseases. Furthermore, a sedentary lifestyle is an additional risk factor of the MS. In skeletal muscle, a reduction in mitochondrial oxidative activity is frequently reported in insulin resistant, obese or type 2 diabetic patients (Simoneau et al., 1999; Kelley et al., 2002; Petersen et al., 2004). This observation has led to consider mitochondrial dysfunction as a key factor in the aetiology of insulin resistance, obesity and associated metabolic disorders (Petersen and Shulman, 2006). Nowadays, the causes responsible for the decline in muscle mitochondrial functions remain to be elucidated.