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The Development of an Integrated Watershed Model for Understanding the Impacts of Sediments on Aquatic Life

机译:一种了解沉积物对水生生活影响的集成流域模型

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In response to fish decline, many federal and state agencies (e.g., National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), United States Bureau Reclamation (USBR), United States Forest Service (USFS), Department of Fish and Wildlife (DFW), United States Department of Energy and United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)) have employed management plans in the last twenty to thirty years to augment fish populations and other aquatic organisms by improving stream habitats. Most of the restoration efforts have focused on the enhancement of the stream corridors to restore habitat quality variables (e.g., pool-riffle sequence, depth, shade) and river geomorphologic characteristics (e.g., sinuosity and slope) within a stream corridor (microscale), believed to be important for fish, without considering the overall effects of watershed (macroscale) parameters on the instream parameters over time. Lack of understanding of the complex interaction between watershed parameters with instream parameters and the effects of scale on fish and aquatic species has caused, in some cases, the unsuccessful implementation of TMDLs and failure of these management plans. The long-term objective of this research will be the development of an integrated model that facilitates a rapid and versatile prediction of sediment transport within a watershed based on sound theory and the usage of robust models. This integrated model should account for the interaction between instream and watershed-wide parameters. It will incorporate an interactive suite of numerical models providing the capability to simulate hydrologic, hydrodynamic, and sediment transport/storage phenomena at multiple spatial and temporal scales. The paper presents the vision of the blueprint watershed integrative methodology.
机译:为了响应鱼下降,许多联邦和州政府机构(例如,美国国家海洋渔业局(NMFS),美国农业部(USDA)的美国能源部,美国局填海工程(USBR),美国森林服务(USFS),鱼系和野生动物(DFW),美国能源部和美国陆军工兵队(USACE))有改善河流生境在过去二,三十年来增加鱼类种群和其他水生生物的就业管理计划。大部分的恢复努力都集中在河流廊道增强流走廊(微观)内恢复栖息地质量变量(例如,池浅滩序列,深度,阴影)和河流地貌特征(例如,弯度和坡度)认为是鱼类重要的是,不考虑对河道内的参数随着时间的推移流域(宏观)参数的总体影响。缺乏视频插播参数分水岭参数和鱼类和水生品种的规模效应之间复杂的相互作用的理解有致,在某些情况下,成功地实施这些管理计划TMDLs和失败。长期目标本研究将是一个综合型的发展有利于内渣土运输的快速和灵活的预测的基础上完善的理论和可靠的模型的使用分水岭。这种集成模型应该考虑河道内和流域范围的参数之间的相互作用。这将包括数值模型提供在多个空间和时间尺度模拟的水文,水动力,泥沙输运/存储现象的能力的交互套件。本文提出的蓝图愿景流域综合方法。

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