SYNERGISM OF TA AND PD IN HYDRODENITROGENATION CATALYSIS

摘要

Hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) is becoming increasingly important with increasing emissions restrictions and as fuels are derived from non-conventional crudes such as tar sands, bitumen, shale oil, and biomass derived pyrolysis oils which contain a significant amount of nitrogenous impurities. To date, hydrotreating research has primarily focused on removing sulfur since it constitutes an average of 0.65 wt. % of petroleum while nitrogen only constitutes an average of 0.094 wt. % of conventional crudes.Nitrogen impurities are particularly recalcitrant as the N is often located in an aromatic ring, requiring complete saturation before the C-N bond can be cleaved. A better understanding of the HDN pathway and related reactions as well as breakthroughs in performance can come from studies and development of well-defined supported catalysts.