Full Chain Life Cycle Assessment of Greenhouse Gas and Energy Demand for Canola Hydrotreated Renewable Jet Fuel in North Dakota, United States(PPT)

摘要

1. Changes in canola prices significantly impacted on the transition changes of agricultural land use, which had a large influence on changes in soil C, the main important factor which could be a GHG benefit or disadvantage for canola HRJ fuel. 2. To increase soil C sequestration, canola should be grown in place of fallow where possible in order to guarantee the long-term sustainability of canola HRJ fuel. 3. Other possible ways to mitigate the GHGs included 3.1 switching a fertilizer mix with ammonium sulfate or anhydrous ammonia 3.2 changing the H2 source from natural gas to H2 integration 4. In a future study, the effects of restricting increased canola production to existing fallow-cropping systems will be evaluated for the canola HRJ life cycle analysis. 5. An updated version of the EPIC model is available to model direct N2O emissions and NH3 volatilization. This version will be tested and used to conduct further analysis 6. The other areas needed to improve the LCA analysis included analysis of the iLUC and use of specific data for canola HRJ upgrading profile.