Increasing aviation safety using human performance modeling tools: an air man-machine integration design and analysis system application

摘要

Human Performance Modeling (HPM) tools are computational, human-out-of-the-loop (HOOTL) representations of several micro models of operator-environment performance used to predict complex human-system interactions. HOOTL processes provide economical (in terms of time and money) means of studying complex human-system performance. As technologies and automation increase to assist the human operator in the increasingly cognitively demanding world, human-related vulnerabilities may arise that may impact the system safety by increasing procedural error rates. Hollnagel's conceptualization of human error will be used as the theory behind a HOOTL simulation currently underway at NASA Ames Research Center to predict human error in the aviation environment in surface operations [1]. One of the HOOTL simulation tools being used to generate human-system performance predictions is the emergent HOOTL tool termed Air Man-machine Integration Design and Analysis System (MIDAS). This paper will outline the current understanding of factors underlying human error and the considerations that need to be heeded in developing HOOTL simulations for human-automation predictions. These HOOTL simulations will be shown to be effective means of predicting system vulnerabilities and will allude to possible intervention strategies.