Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Polymeric Matrices and Its Effect on Physical Properties

摘要

Many novel applications (in the automotive industry, paints, inks, fire retardants, etc.) utilize nanoscale particles dispersed throughout the polymeric matrix. Poor dispersion of nanoparticles is known to adversely affect the appearance, performance (mechanical, fire retardance), and durability of these products. Conventional dispersion processes used for pigmentary/micron size particles have relied on experienced operators, specific formulations, and strict processing procedures such that even slight variations in any of these factors resulted in failures/defects of final products [1-3]. Moreover, these methods have not been proven successful when applied to nanoparticle systems. Manipulation of nanoparticle-polymer interaction presents a significant challenge to industry because the particulate phase has a strong tendency to agglomerate, which can alter the desired material properties. Indisputably, the first step to solve the problem is to characterize and control interactions between colloidal particles and their surrounding media.