Aerosol transport characteristics in Northeast Asia: Measurement and modeling results at Gosan and Seoul, Korea

摘要

To understand the aerosol transport patterns and their impacts in Northeast Asia, especially, in Korea, various approaches have taken such as aerosol measurements at both background and urban areas in Korea and application of models on the measurement results and emission inventory data. Total suspended particles (TSPs) have been collected and their chemical composition has been quantified at Gosan, a background area in Korea since 1992. Generally, the concentrations of anthropogenic species were higher when air parcels moved from China. Also, the measurement data reflected the emission pattern change in China, decreasing sulfur emissions and increasing nitrogen oxides emissions. The data also show the effect of dust storms on the particle chemical composition. Particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured at Seoul between Aug, 2002 and Dec. 2003, an urban area in Korea. The chemical mass balance (CMB) model was applied to identify and quantify major sources of the measured ambient PAHs. The major source of particulate PAHs at Seoul on an annual basis was gasoline and diesel vehicles, accounted for 31% of the measured PAHs levels. The source contributions showed distinct seasonal variations. High contributions of biomass burning, coal residential, and coke oven were shown in fall and winter accounted for 63% and 82% of the total PAHs concentration, respectively. Since these sources were not strong in and around Seoul, these might be related to transport from outside of Seoul, especially from China. To understand the effect of the biomass burning in the region, a 3-dimensional chemical transport model. Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, has been applied for the case of May 2003.