Update on Trace Minerals and Vitamins for Dairy Cows

摘要

Providing adequate trace minerals and vitamins to dairy cows is essential for high production and good health. However feeding excess trace nutrients inflates feed costs and could be detrimental to production and cow health. Unfortunately quantifyingthe supply of available trace nutrients and their requirements is extremely difficult which leads to a high degree of uncertainty relative to diet supplementation. This paper provides suggested strategies for formulating diets to provide adequate but notexcessive amounts of vitamins and trace minerals under a variety of conditions. When this paper was written (January, 2018), the NRC was in the process of updating the Nutrient requirements of Dairy Cows publication. The upcoming NRC may or may not reflect the opinions in this paper.