Foot-and-mouse disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals, most notably cattle, pigs, and sheep. FMD is characterized by fever, vesicular lesions, and erosions of epithelium of the mouth, tongue, nares, muzzle, feet, and teats of affected animals (Pereira, 1981). Despite recent success in controlling the disease in Europe and portions of South America, FMD remains one of the most important infectious diseases of farm animals due to the impact an outbreak can have on trade in animals and animal products. In spite of the low mortality rate of FMD (usually less than 5 percent among adult animals) the economic loses it causes are great. These include losses due to the slaughter and disposal of FMD-affected animals,destruction of infected products, drop in productivity of FMD-affected animals, restriction/elimination of markets, vaccination costs, and zoosanitary measures aimed at eradication of outbreaks. FMD virus (FMDV), which is found in the form of 7 different serotypes (A, O, C, Asia1, and SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3), is widely spread. The virus is enzootic in parts of Asia, Middle East, Africa, and South America. The Office International des Epizootics (OIE) has received reports on FMD outbreaks from over 30 countries in the 18-month period between February 1999 and August 2000 (see Table 1).
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机译：小鼠疾病（FMD）是一种极其传染性的偶蹄动物病毒性疾病，最符合牛，猪和羊。 FMD的特征在于发烧，凹凸病变和口腔上皮的侵蚀，受影响动物的舌头，舌头，枪口，脚和奶嘴（Pereira，1981）。尽管最近在控制欧洲和南美部分的疾病方面取得了成功，但FMD仍然是由于影响动物和动物产品贸易的影响，仍然是农场动物最重要的传染病之一。尽管有FMD的死亡率低（通常在成人动物中不到5％），但经济失去它的原因很大。这些包括由于屠宰和处理FMD受影响的动物，受感染的产品的破坏而导致的损失，对受影响的动物的生产率降低，限制/消除市场，疫苗接种成本和旨在消除爆发的疫苗检疫措施。 FMD病毒（FMDV）以7种不同的血清型（A，O，C，Asia1和SAT1，SAT2和SAT3）的形式发现，广泛传播。病毒是亚洲，中东，非洲和南美洲部分的eNzootic。 Office International Des Epizootics（OIE）收到了1999年2月至2000年2月至8月的18个月内超过30个国家的FMD爆发报告（见表1）。
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