ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE REPOSITORIES IN SWEDEN

摘要

Today Sweden has a transport system, a repository for operational waste, an interim storage for spent fuel, a canister laboratory and an underground hard rock laboratory to manage and dispose nuclear waste. The nuclear management system in Sweden is presented. Rock engineering studies at the central interim storage facility for spent nuclear fuel (CLAB) and the facility for radioactive operational waste (SFR) are described. The Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Managing Co (SKB) began siting of a deep repository in 1992. Test drilling at two sites is expected to start in 2002. The initial operation of a deep repository is expected around 2012. The Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory provides an important scientific and technical basis for the program of implementation and operation of a future repository in Sweden. The ZEDEX experiment and the Prototype Repository are two rock engineering studies described from Aespoe HRL. The Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate (SKI) has initiated several international projects about nuclear waste disposal. The DECOVALEX project about modeling of hydro-thermal-mechanical processes is described and results from one of the bench-mark tests are presented.