A simple analytical solution for reflectance at the sea surface is presented. The form of this analytical solution is similar to many earlier solutions, in that reflectance depends on the ratio of b$-b$/ to (a $PLU b$-b$/). But it brings out explicitly the role of the zenith angular distribution of the underwater light field in modifying reflectance, through the quantities $mu$-d$/ and $mu$-u$/, which determine the mean path lengths of downwelling and upwelling photons, respectively, per unit vertical excursion. The solution also shows that reflectance depends on the shape of the phase function for scattering. The analytic solution is compared with the results of Monte Carlo simulations to establish its limits of applicability. Limitations of the model when multiple-scattering effects become important, and some possible modifications to the model to deal with such cases, are discussed.
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机译：提出了一种简单的海面反射率的分析解决方案。这种分析解决方案的形式类似于许多前面的解决方案，因为反射率取决于B $ -b $ / to的比率（a $ plu b $ /）。但它明确地提出了水下光场在改变反射率的角度分布的作用，通过数量$ Mu $ -d $ /和$ mu $ -u $ /，这决定了贫困和上升的平均路径长度分别是每单位垂直偏移的光子。该解决方案还示出了反射率取决于用于散射的相位函数的形状。将分析解决方案与Monte Carlo模拟结果进行比较，以确定其适用性的限制。讨论了多次散射效果变得重要的模型的局限性，并且讨论了对用于处理这种情况的模型的一些可能修改。
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