The effect of oxygen supply systems and slag composition on dephosphorization rate in the early stage of smelting was studied. Metal samples, slag samples, and molten steel temperatures of a 300t converter at different smelting stages were analyzed. The alkalinity of slag was found to be the lowest at 1.33 during the early stage of the experiment, superheat was 7 °C, the mass fraction of C3MS2 phase was 35 wt%, and average dephosphorization rate was 32.2%. By optimizing the oxygen supply system and charging system of the converter, the alkalinity of slag was controlled in the range of 1.6-2.1 and the average content of T.Fe was 15 wt%. The results demonstrated a 10.2% increasment in dephosphorization rate during the early stage of smelting, 5.9% increasment in the scrap steel ratio, 31 °C increasment in the tapping temperature, and 0.65% increasment in the final dephosphorization rate.
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