Automated vehicles introduce the potential for non-traditional seating postures, including various degrees of recline. To date, there have been no human surrogate studies in the literature describing reclined occupant response in frontal or other crashes, which suggests that new biofidelity reference targets are needed to evaluate anthropomorphic test device (ATD) and human body model (HBM) predictions. The goal of this study was to develop and demonstrate a methodology for performing biofidelity reference tests for reclined occupants that incorporate methods for capturing these complex kinematics and kinetics. The test methodology developed here is demonstrated with a frontal impact sled test performed with one post mortem human surrogate (PMHS). A simplified, generic, semi-rigid seat pan and minimal back support (at 50 degrees reclined with the vertical) was used to support the occupants as they underwent a 50 km/h crash pulse while restrained with a three pretensioner force-limited seat-integrated belt restraint. Occupant kinematics, seat deflections, belt spool-in and spool-out, and buck motion were collected with an optoelectronic motion tracking system and lumbar spine and pelvic load timing were collected with additional instrumentation. Boundary conditions are critical for finite element (FE) model validation. The forces beneath the seat pan, toe pan and buckle were measured in 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). Additionally, the forces at the lap belt and shoulder belt were measured. This is the first effort in the field to develop and evaluate a methodology for reclined occupant biofidelity reference testing, which can (and will) be used for: i) additional PMHS testing to generate biofidelity reference targets for assessing the performance of occupant models in reclined postures; and can also be extended to: ii) generate reference data for other reclined configurations and iii) to assess the performance of new and novel restraint system designs.
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机译：自动车辆介绍非传统座位姿势的潜力，包括各种斜倚程度。迄今为止，在描述正面或其他崩溃中的闭合乘员响应的文献中没有人类替代研究，这表明需要新的生物能力参考目标来评估拟人测试装置（ATD）和人体模型（HBM）预测。本研究的目标是开发和证明用于对倾斜的乘员进行生物能力参考测试的方法，该占领者包含捕获这些复杂的运动学和动力学的方法。这里开发的测试方法用一篇文章验尸人替代（PMHs）进行了正面影响滑雪检验。使用简化的通用，半刚性座平板和最小的背部支撑（以垂直的50度）用于支撑乘员，因为它们经历了50 km / h碰撞脉冲，同时限制了三个预紧器力有限的座椅 - 集成皮带束缚。乘员运动学，座椅偏转，皮带卷轴和假脱机和降压运动采用光电运动跟踪系统收集，并收集腰椎和盆腔负荷定时，附加仪器。边界条件对于有限元（FE）模型验证至关重要。在6度自由（DOF）中测量座垫，脚趾平底锅和带扣下方的力。另外，测量圈带和肩带处的力。这是本领域开发和评估倾斜乘员生物功能参考测试的方法的第一次努力，该方法可以（和将）用于：i）额外的PMHS测试以产生用于评估坐卧模型的乘员模型性能的生物能力参考目标。姿势;并且也可以扩展到：ii）为其他接受的配置和III的参考数据进行评估，以评估新的和新颖的克制系统设计的性能。
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