ICT as Learning Tools and Collaborative Work Facilitators in the Moroccan University Educational System: Summary, Review and Optimization Approach

摘要

In the Moroccan university educational system, courses, tutorials and hands-on exercises are taught in face-to-face lectures. This means that learners' attendance is required in all training sessions. Learners do not have access to alternatives courses, nor to the explanations and lecture notes. There is also a lack of distance education (henceforth, e-learning system) allowing them to have flexible access to course content. For these reasons, the learners, especially those who, for some reason or other, cannot attend the face-to-face lectures, prefer to work in groups to re-discuss and rework all course sections not seen with their teachers. Our contribution is to highlight the different uses of ICT tools by Moroccan university students during their daily collaborative work in relation to projects and assignments requested by their teachers, and also to advance a practical means to revise some sections of the course with learners with difficulties, and explain the difficult parts to learners who have not attended the face-to-face sessions. We then unveil some obstacles which hamper the success of "e-learning" in the Moroccan university educational system, relying on our daily experience as university teachers for the last fifteen years, as well as on statistical data on the appropriation of ICT by university students.