A RENEWABLE ENERGY ROADMAP FOR TRANSPORTATION AND HEATING SECTORS IN APEC REGION

摘要

The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)member economies,the world’s largest producers and consumers of energy,are advancing new measures to double the share of renewable energy in the region.APEC Leaders'Meeting in 2014 and the APEC Energy Ministers'Meeting in 2015 set the goals to double the share of renewable energy in the overall energy mix by 2030,for achieving sustainable and resilient energy development within the Asia-Pacific.Aligned with the goal of doubling the share of renewable energy in the energy mix of the APEC region,this paper aims to assess the gaps in the development of renewable energy technologies and provide a strategic roadmap to address these gaps for non-electricity sector including transportation and heating secotrs.In 2015,the transportation sector accounts for 75% in the global final energy consumption,and amount the total consumption in global transportation sector,95.5% form fossil fuel,3.1% from renewable energy,1.6% form bioethanol,0.8% form biodiesel,0.4% form other liquid biofuel,0.01% from Biomethane,and 0.3% from renewable energy electricity.(IRENA,2018)In the APEC region,building,agricultural,and industrial sector are main consumers for heat.Total final consumption expected to increase gradually form 195 Mtoe in 2013 to 251 Mtoe in 2030,and account for 37% in total energy consumption.The demand in industrial sector in 2010 reached 94 Mtoe which is slightly higher than 93 Mtoe in building and agricultural sector.However,in 2030 the growth rate in demand of industrial sector slows down and exceeded by the demand from building sector,which is 128 Mtoe(APERC,2016).A roadmap outlines a set of policy recommendations to accelerate renewable energy development in transportation and heating sectors in the APEC region.First of all,this paper introduces the current renewable energy status,evaluates the development challenges,and identifies the gaps in and key factors of renewable energy development.Afterward,this paper identifies different dimensions and strategies to foster renewable energy development transportation and heating sectors in the APEC region.