Hypocotyledonary Grafting in Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims.)

摘要

The objectives of this work on the production passion fruit seedlings by hypocotyledonary grafting were to test different materials to protect the grafting point and evaluate genotypic rootstock and scion combinations. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Brazil. Four protection materials were tested: drinking straws, metal clips, plastic clips and metal clips plus plastic. Five genotypes were evaluated in different combinations: 'BRS Ouro vermelho' (Ov), 'BRS Sol do Cerrado' (Sc), 'BRS Gigante Amarelo' (Ga), all hybrids, an opening pollination variety (Op) and one 'Hortivale' cultivar (Hv). Rootstocks and scions were obtained by seeds. Seedlings were grafted 35 days after sowing using the top cleft method. A split plot design in time was used in two experiments: four parcels (grafting materials) and 8 sub-parcels (time) and 15 parcels (genotypic combinations) and five sub-parcels (time). The influence of each material on the seedling development was evaluated. Plant height, leaf number and steam diameter were analyzed at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after grafting. The lowest percentage of viable grafted seedlings was found when metal clips were used. All others presented 100% viable seedlings and drinking straws were selected due to its low cost and easy to use. Significant differences were found among genotypic combinations in relation to the evaluated traits. The Ov/Sc, Ov/Hv, Sc/Ga, Sc/Hv and Ga/Hv showed the best performance and could be considered the most promising rootstock-scion combinations to produce passion fruit seedlings.