The influence of bioproducts on root growth and mycorrhizal occurrence in the rhizosphere of strawberry plants cv. ‘Elsanta’ under controlled conditions

摘要

An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse of the Research Institute of Horticulture (RIH) to evaluate the effect of new organic fertilizers and amendments on root growth and mycorrhizal abundance and biodiversity in the rhizosphere of strawberry plants cv. ‘Elsanta’. The plants were grown in rhizoboxes (sized 37 cm x 1.8 cm x 20 cm), filled with 1.85 kg of a podsolic soil collected from an uncultivated field of an experimental organic orchard of the RIH. The soil characteristics were: pH 5.5, organic matter content 1.5%, P content 51 mg P kg~(-1), K content 158 mg K kg~(-1). The plants were treated with different organic fertilizers and amendments: dry granulated bovine manure (Doctor O’grodnik), extract of vermicompost (Humus UP), extractof humates (Humus Active + Aktywit PM), plant extract (BioFeed Amin), extract from several seaweed species reinforced with humic and fulvic acids (BioFeed Quality), a consortium of beneficial soil organisms (Micosat), a stillage from yeast production (Vinassa) and a solution of titanium (Tytanit). Plants treated with BioFeed Amin, BioFeed Quality, Micosat, Vinassa and Tytanit received also half dose of dry manure. A standard NPK fertilization (NPK control) and a not fertilized control were also included. The following parameters were measured: root growth and morphological parameters, number of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) spores, mycorrhizal frequency of AMF in the roots. The chemical composition of the applied products and of soil were also determined. The treatment inducing the highest development of mycorrhizas in the roots of strawberry plants cv. ‘Elsanta’ were Micosat and BF Amin. The treatments BF Quality and BF Amin had the most beneficial effect on the formation of AMF spores in therhizosphere. Application of the bioproducts had a positive effect on root growth parameters in comparison with the plants fertilized with NPK. The use of BF Quality and Humus UP induced a reduction of the amount of mineral nutrients in the soil.