EXTRACTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM GANODERMA LUCIDUM

摘要

Ganoderma lucidum (reishi), a polypore group fungus, provides bioactive compounds in which several triterpenoids and polysaccharides are core structures that claim to posses cancerous and immunomodulatory properties. The objective of this work has been to establish a method of extraction from grinded form of Ganoderma lucidum with water in sub-critical conditions and with SCCO_2 at distinct temperatures to obtain extracts rich in water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC), including mostly beta glucans and triterpenoids including ganoderic acids and alcohols respectively. SCCO_2 experiments were carried out at pressures of 10, 20, 30 and 40 Mpa and temperatures ranging from 40 to 60 °C with and without modifier. Ethanol was used as modifier at flow rates of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mL/min. The CO_2 flow rate was maintained at 4 mL/min for 2 hours extraction time. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC. Temperatures for experiments that were carried out by batch-scale sub-critical water extraction kept constant at different time intervals starting from 373 up to 573 K. For semi-continuous scale experiments, samples were extracted once with water at 373, 423, 448 and 473 K, respectively, working at pressure around 10 Mpa to keep the water in the liquid state. The flow rate used was 1 mL/min. The extracts were analysed by TOC for water soluble organic compound recovery. The highest WSOC recovery yield was obtained at 473 K as 78.1% and as 57.4%, also the highest values for extracted amount of total water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were 328 and 241 mg WSOC/g dry sample for batch- and semi continuous scale experiments respectively.