Emerging evidence from laboratory and epidemiologic studies indicates that high magnesium intake from diet or supplements may favorably affect a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, known as metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is now reaching epidemic proportion worldwide and may reflect a common underlying pathophysiology related to cardiometabolic disease. In observational studies, magnesium intake has been inversely associated with various cardiometabolic outcomes. Some small clinical trials with short durations appeared to support the potential efficacy of magnesium supplementation in the prevention and/or treatment of metabolic syndrome. Recently, an integration of biological data generated on multiple "oinics" platforms has afforded us a systems biology approach to gain important insights into the complex metabolic mechanisms underlying magnesium intervention. This article provides a brief review of the current evidence linking magnesium intake to cardiometabolic disease from observational studies to intervention trials.
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