Research on the psychology of reasoning has been dominated for the past 40 years by the deduction paradigm which assesses people's ability to reason logically. As a result, computational models developed to date implement syntactic or semantic forms of mental logic. More recently, however, theorists have given much greater emphasis to pragmatic influences on reasoning and developed the theory that human reasoning reflects the operation of two distinct cognitive systems. The challenges that this theory sets for computational modelling of human reasoning are identified and discussed.
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