Urogenital Surgery, Including Mastectomy

摘要

Veterinarians are often called upon to manage urogenital emergencies in small ruminants and camelids. Mastectomy, c-section and urethral obstruction are among the most common of these procedures and will be discussed. The mammary system of sheep and goats includes two glands, each of which has one teat. Principal support for the udder is the medial and lateral suspensory ligaments. The medial suspensory ligament is elastic in nature and, although each half of the udder has a medial suspensory ligament, they are tightly adhered to each other. The medial laminae are composed of elastic sheets of tissue arising from the ventral abdominal wall and dividing the udder into two halves. The lateral suspensory arises from the pelvic symphysis, subpelvic tendon, and prepubic tendon. Secondary laminae arise from the medial and lateral laminae to support lobes of the udder. The indentation formed between the two halves of the udder is associated with the medial laminae and is referred to as the intermammary groove.