Geochemical Processes of Transformation of the Overflow of Oil Products in the Snow Covers and Mountain Rocks on the Northern Coast of the Sea of Okhotsk

摘要

In selecting methods of liquidation of natural pollution resulted from oil products (OP) in the cold regions, such as in the north coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, it is necessary to take into consideration the peculiarities of the OP and the object polluted in cold and warm periods. Generally, in cold time snow cover with thickness of 1.0m or more presents, so the OP is partly absorbed by the silt in the snow, then the viscosity of snow is strengthened due to the aggregate of the hard hydrocarbon components (HCC) with negative temperature in the OP. The HCC is the most active when the molecular of carbon atom is less than 10, and could not be harden at the temperature below -30°C. However, in summer time the spilled HCC is partly evaporated, but the tar and asphalt enrich the OP there. In the mountainous regions at the deep deposition of underground water, in summer the OP might be brought by the gas stream in the massifs of the fracture rocks upper on the slope. According to the peculiarities, the methods of fighting the nature, polluted by the OP in the regions of the Sub-Arctic; are explained, and they are representative in the north coast of the Sea of Okhotsk.