Sampling by drilling and excavations and groundwater measurements according to EN ISO 22475 for geotechnical investigations and site characterisation

摘要

The Technical Committees of the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) and the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) on geotechnical investigation and testing are preparing several common standards that deal with the direct investigation of soil, rock and groundwater. EN ISO 22475-1 "Geotechnical investigation and testing -Sampling by drilling and excavation and groundwater measurements -Part 1:Technical principles for execution" defines concepts and specifies requirements relating to exploration by excavation, drilling and sampling as well as groundwater measurements. It covers the general requirements for drilling rigs, ancillary equipment, methods for soil, rock and groundwater sampling, groundwater measuring stations (piezometers), groundwater measurements, handling, transport and storage of samples and reporting the results. EN ISO 22475-2 "Geotechnical investigation and testing -Sampling by drilling and excavation and groundwater measurements -Part 2: Technical qualification criteria for enterprises and personnel" specifies the technical qualification criteria for enterprises and personnel performing drilling and sampling services to ensure that both have the appropriate experience, knowledge and qualifications as well as the correct drilling and sampling equipment for the task to be carried out according to EN ISO 22475-1. EN ISO 22475-3 "Geotechnical investigation and testing -Sampling by drilling and excavation and groundwater measurements -Part 3: Conformity assessment of enterprises and personnel" deals with the conformity assessment of enterprises and personnel for ground investigation drilling and sampling as well as groundwater measurements according to EN ISO 22475-1 that comply with the technical qualification criteria according to EN ISO 22475-2. Every enterprise may individually choose a form of technical quality assurance according to these standards that is appropriate for its purpose (e.g. first, second or third party control). Moreover, there are several standards covering geohydraulic field tests such as permeability tests, water pressure tests and pumping tests.