Stroke is the third most-common cause of death in the industrialized nations, after myocardial infarction and cancer, and the single most-common reason for permanent disability . Up to 85% of all strokes are of ischemic origin and mostly due to blockage of a cerebral artery by a blood clot . Emergency brain resuscitation in acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD), as well as the initial clinical and neurological evaluation, in general take place in the emergency room setting. The definitive discrimination between ischemic stroke, intrace-rebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is made by neuroradiological examinations. Once ICH has been ruled out, the etiology of ischemic stroke can be determined by several ancillary tests that are described in detail elsewhere .
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