For machine tools intended for application in die and mould manufacturing, there are in contrast with application in large-batch production distinct differences as to requirements and fringe conditions. Thus, the components to be machined are in most cases single units or minimal batches; machining times are definitely longer than for series production components; and, since merely few different tools are used, tool changing is infrequent. Therefore, short tool changing times are not relevant, the tool magazine merely has to be conceived for a limited number of tools, and automatic workpiece loading is in most cases not needed. Due to the complex geometries mostly consisting of free form surfaces of the workpieces to be machined, constant interpolation of at least two linear axes is required. When optimum finish-machining strategies are used, even all three linear axes are involved in path movements. This requires efficient control systems with big program storage capacities and high computing speed (look-ahead control).
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