BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION—CHANGING ANIMALS' EMOTIONS BEHAVIORS

摘要

Although animals have relatively consistent temperaments throughout their lives, the behavioral expressions of these temperaments can be modified using the following techniques: counter-conditioning, extinction combined with differential reinforcementof alternate behavior (DRA), and desensitization. Behavior modification techniques are well studied in humans as well as animals. Emotional states are affected by an animal's genetics and environment (learning). Instincts may affect emotions in variousways: Prey animals, for example, are fearful of straight-on approaches by predators. Species-specific perceptual abilities may also affect the behavioral responses of different species in unique ways: Horses can see 360 degrees.