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ESTIMATION OF SMALL AND LARGE-SCALE CHARACTERISTICS OF FAULTS IN ARCTIC SEA ICE

机译:北极海冰中小型和大规​​模特征的估算

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Faults in Arctic sea ice radiate sound in the water, in the form of acoustic events, at two scales: that of individual cracks (small-scale) and that of faults and fracture zones (large-scale). In order to understand radiation of these mechanisms and their contribution to ocean ambient noise, in the aggregate, individual acoustic events were analyzed. Estimates of parameters that characterize particle motion and propagation of individual cracks were obtained. In addition, spatial and temporal event clusters were analyzed with the purpose to identify large-scale ice features. In regard to local motion of individual cracks, particle (local) displacement was in the range O( 10~(-4)) to O(10~(-2)) m, significantly lower than that of earthquake-induced faults and particle velocity was on average 50% lower than that of a displacement discontinuity in rock. Propagation speed estimates were in the range 100 to 1100 m/s, significantly lower than the Rayleigh wave speed assumed in previous studies. Tensile and shear fracture as well as coalescence of echelon arrays of secondary cracks, off large shear fractures were identified both in the low (10 to 100 Hz) and mid (100 to 350 Hz) frequency ranges.
机译:北极海冰辐射在水中的声音,以声学事件的形式,两个尺度:单个裂缝(小规模)和故障和骨折区域(大规模)的形式。为了理解这些机制的辐射及其对海洋环境噪声的贡献,在聚集体中,分析了个别声学事件。获得了表征颗粒运动和各个裂缝传播的参数的估计。此外,分析了空间和时间事件集群,目的是识别大规模的冰功能。关于单个裂缝的局部运动,颗粒(局部)位移在O(10〜(-4))至O(10〜(-2))m的范围内,显着低于地震诱导的故障和颗粒速度平均低于岩石中位移不连续的50%。传播速度估计在100至1100m / s的范围内,显着低于先前研究中假设的瑞利波速度。拉伸和剪切断裂以及次弧阵列的次级裂缝阵列的聚结,在低(10至100Hz)和中间(100至350 Hz)频率范围内鉴定出大的剪切骨折。

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