This paper features the development of simple models for fluid couplings and torque converters which are particularly well suited for efficient computation in computer-based simulation. A structured modeling approach is presented using both bond graph and circuit-based techniques. The model equations are derived using bond graphs developed for steady state conditions, although the ability to generalize models for dynamic conditions is implied and recommended for certain dynamic applications. The efficacy of these simplified models is established through prediction of steady state characteristics for both the fluid coupling and torque converter, which compare well with measured results from literature.
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