Enhancement of label-free biosensing of cardiac troponin Ⅰ

摘要

The detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is clinically used to monitor myocardial infarctions (MI) and other heart diseases.The development of highly sensitive detection assays for cTnI is needed for the efficient diagnosis and monitoring of cTnIlevels. Traditionally, enzyme-based immunoassays have been used for the detection of cTnI. However, the use of labelfreesensing techniques have the advantage of potentially higher speed and lower cost for the assays. We previouslyreported a Photonic Crystal-Total Internal Reflection (PC-TIR) biosensor for label-free quantification of cTnI. To furtherimprove on this, we present a comparative study between an antibody based PC-TIR sensor that relies on recombinantprotein G (RPG) for the proper orientation of anti-cTnI antibodies, and an aptamer-based PC-TIR sensor for improvedsensitivity and performance. Both assays relied on the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) linkers to facilitate themodification of the sensor surfaces with biorecognition elements and to provide fluidity of the sensing surface. Theaptamer-based PC-TIR sensor was successfully able to detect 0.1 ng/mL of cTnI. For the antibody-based PC-TIR sensor,the combination of the fluidity of the PEG and the increased number of active antibodies allowed for an improvement inassay sensitivity with a low detection limit of 0.01 ng/mL. The developed assays showed good performance and potentialto be applied for the detection of cTnI levels in clinical samples upon further development.