1. The coupled THM analysis can reproduce the real freeze-thaw phenomenon considerably and estimate the frost heaveamount along the rail surface. Besides, ARX model can precisely predict the vehicle response to the track deformationdue to frost heaving. It is expected to widely use ARX model to estimate vehicle responses in railway engineering.2. The P-P is exponentially decreased with the decrease of WL, while linearly decrease with lowering of OS. Therefore,we conclude that both water interception and speed down operation are functional; however, the water interception ismore efficient since the P-P value would decrease to its lowerest once the WL is lowering to the top surface of culvert.
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